Researchers from Edith Cowan University have worked out how to modify the atomic structure of iron, creating a metal that can strip impurities from water in just a few minutes.
They reckon it could be used in the mining, textile and other industries where large amounts of wastewater are produced.
Associate Professor Laichang Zhang from ECU’s School of Engineering was able to change the atomic structure of iron to form what is known as metallic glass.
Metallic glass gets its name not from the fact that it is transparent and can be used in windows, but because its atomic structure resembles that of glass.
Whereas the atomic structure of traditional metals is very ordered, with the atoms forming a grid like structure, metallic glass atoms have a much more disorganised composition.
“It is this disordered atomic structure that gives metallic glass its very interesting and useful characteristics,” Professor Zhang said.
A thin strip of the iron-based metallic glass developed by Professor Zhang can remove impurities such as dyes or heavy metals from even highly polluted water in just minutes.
This offers a number of benefits compared to the current method of using iron powder to treat wastewater. Firstly, using iron powder leaves a large amount of iron sludge that must be stored. Secondly it is expensive to produce and can only be used once.
In contrast, the iron-based metallic glass the researchers have developed can be reused up to 20 times, produces no waste iron sludge and can be produced as cheaply a few dollars per kilogram.
Professor Zhang said the technology could have significant applications in the textile and mining industries.
“Mining and textile production produces huge amounts of water that is contaminated with heavy metals and dyes respectively,” he said.
“We have already had significant interest from companies in both China and Australia who are keen to work with us to develop this technology, including Ausino Drilling Services, whose clients include Rio Tinto and the Aluminium Corporation of China.”
Both Ausino Chief Executive Officer Dr Minlu Fu and Vice General Manager of Beijing Wuyi Environmental Technology Ltd Mr Yeqiang Wu said they were looking forward to collaborating with Professor Zhang.
“Our experts noticed that Laichang’s recent research using metallic glass as a catalyst for ultrafast water purification is very achievable in the industrial application,” Dr Fu said.