It turns out that when the alkaline in a battery wears down, it produces a gas that fills the inside. So if you have a box of random batteries you want to test, and you don’t have access to a voltmeter or any other device, you can simply drop them vertically a short distance onto a hard surface.
A charged battery will make a solid thump sound and often remain standing, while a dead battery makes a muffled sound, bounces repeatedly and then topples over.
What could be easier? (That doesn’t involve your tongue or mild electric shocks.) [YouTube via The Awesomer]