This is not a game. I wish it was, but it is not. It looks like the stages map for the most awesome 8-bit game I can possibly imagine, but It’s an awesome 8-bit image made by Eric Poulton. It’s titled Underneath It All, which is a great game name too.
I put the image in a scrolling video with videogame-ish music by Ears. You can get the full image here.