Science
Nanocoat Makes Solar Panel Sunlight Absorption Nearly 100%
Posted by Wilson Rothman at 10:20 AM on November 5, 2008
Today's silicon solar panels absorb about two-thirds of the light that reaches them, but a new nanocoating developed by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute gives most run-of-the-mill solar panels the ability to capture almost every drop of sunlight. Not only does it grab 96.2% of the sun's rays, but it can do it from any angle, so there's no need for panels to waste energy by mechanically tracking the sun in the sky. This is happy leap forward for solar technology, whose quest for cheapness has been long and hard.
I said it's one coating, but it's actually seven, each between 50 and 100 nanometers thick, made of silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide nanorods that can be vaporised and deposited on "nearly any photovoltaic materials." PhysOrg compares the tightly hugging nanorods to "a dense forest where sunlight is 'captured' between the trees." There's no word yet on the deployment of this process—it's barely a year since its chalkboard conception—but this efficiency means lower cost to acquire energy, which means solar power is more viable than ever as an alternative to fossil fuels.
I hate pigeonholing myself as one of those wide-eyed Trek fans who thinks that alt energy will radically change the way we live our lives and help us get on with impulse drives, synthehol and breathable spandex formalwear, but seriously, this is my kind of breakthrough. [PhysOrg via Kurzweil AI]

Comments (AU Comments · US Comments)
Dr. Steve Nyquist
Posted November 13, 2008 2:41 PM
Where can i learn more about it?
davea0511
Posted December 15, 2008 4:27 PM
not to be a kill joy, but standard coatings capture up to 88-90% of available light (only bare cells only capture 2/3rd the light) so this is only a 7% increase. That said, 7% is huge in this industry.
unkpku has a really long fucking screenname because i saw some o
Posted 1:00 PM 5/11/08
Yeah more nano stuff!
unkpku has a really long fucking screenname because i saw some other people do it
DigitalSciGuy
Posted 12:54 PM 5/11/08
@Kakkoister: Reallocation of food crops to the production of fuel has harmed economies and populations in other countries....friggin' hippies. Granola munching hippies make me puke.
DigitalSciGuy
Stang70Fastback
Posted 12:54 PM 5/11/08
This is actually a very exciting development!
Stang70Fastback
DigitalSciGuy
Posted 12:52 PM 5/11/08
Woot, glad to see my tuition/federal grants are going to useful stuff here. I've always wondered what was going on in those large grey buildings next to our new shiny concert hall.
DigitalSciGuy
jwoods3
Posted 12:38 PM 5/11/08
@bilyeu: I was thinking the same exact thing've
jwoods3
scarbrtj
Posted 12:36 PM 5/11/08
Mmmm... photons. (Sorry; feeling my inner hippie today.)
+ Watch video
scarbrtj
Kakkoister
Posted 12:35 PM 5/11/08
@milestailsprowe: Indeed. I don't understand these people who think turning our food into fuel is the smarter choice lol. Especially with our population growing more rapidly with every year. Were going to need all the food production we can possibly do.
Electricity is the future for sure.
Kakkoister
bilyeu
Posted 12:35 PM 5/11/08
@bilyeu: I've also doubt anyone would turn down adding "'ve" to a word for no reason.
bilyeu
bilyeu
Posted 12:33 PM 5/11/08
@milestailsprowe: That grand is as good as in the bank.
I've doubt anyone would turn down an electric car to drive corn.
bilyeu
Kakkoister
Posted 12:32 PM 5/11/08
2 words: FUCK YEAH!
Now lets watch this technology be dramatically delayed by Oil lobbyists and then have them pass a law claiming it kills baby kittens. <_<
Kakkoister
mrtallbones
Posted 12:32 PM 5/11/08
@milestailsprowe: you're right, electric cars ARE the future... but until then, I'm happy paying $1.50/gallon (my most recent fill up) of E85.
mrtallbones
milestailsprowe
Posted 12:24 PM 5/11/08
And my 1 g bet that electric cars are the future not corn is coming closer
milestailsprowe
laio
Posted 1:39 PM 5/11/08
so there we are, stealin light!,
we are becomin freakin light ninjas.
laio
Kakkoister
Posted 2:07 PM 5/11/08
@etimy: In the full story for this, it said that this one captures the full spectrum.
Kakkoister
khetti
Posted 2:04 PM 5/11/08
There are a few clarifications that need to be made here. First, this coating only affects the glass surface (or other superstrate material) and not the actual active semiconductor layers, i.e. a decrease in reflection does not cause an increase in light-energy conversion, a.k.a. efficiency.
Secondly, even though this technology may allow light from greater incident angles to pass through the glass without being reflected, the interaction of photons with these nanostructures surely causes a decrease in photonic energy due to scattering, etc. It's very possible that incident light at a certain energy may drop to an energy that is below that of the semiconductor band-gap energy level, causing these retarded photons to pass through the active layer(s) without being converted to electrical energy.
khetti
brundlefly76
Posted 1:55 PM 5/11/08
@Kakkoister: Right because every time we hear about awesome solar energy efficiency breakthroughs they hit the market at cost-effective prices within 2 years and the only thing holding them back are conspiracy.
Cmon there is a solar 'breakthrough' like this every quarter - whether they can bring these technologies into the market is a completely different matter and the answer is usually 'no'.
PS I do not understand how tracking is no longer necessary because tracking exposes the panel to more sunlight - this tech cannot grab sunlight which is not hitting the panel. If the panel is perpendicular to the sun rather than facing it most of the light is not hitting the panel at all.
brundlefly76
etimy
Posted 1:54 PM 5/11/08
This is nice, but the discovery of full spectrum PV a few weeks back is a lot more promising.
etimy
etimy
Posted 1:54 PM 5/11/08
@DigitalSciGuy: Not hippies, It's actually retarded bible beating conservatives in states like Ohio. Just thought you should know. Ethanol, is, was, and always will be a complete waste of time. In 2004 the DoE released a report stating that if every square foot of usable land in the US was converted into creating biomass (ethanol, canola oil, etc.) we would only be able to offset 40% of our petroleum use, not even counting energy production in powerplants, agriculture, etc. Please stop talking about biomass/ethanol, etc. It will never happen. Ever.
etimy
Noobs-R-Us
Posted 1:45 PM 5/11/08
Too much talk and not enough action. People keep talking about these great solutions but as of yet I see no one actually selling anything anywhere.
Noobs-R-Us
TommyImages
Posted 2:18 PM 5/11/08
This article is misleading. "Absorb" just refers to how much light is not reflected or transmitted. Says little about how much is converted to electricity.
TommyImages
Jasontrainer
Posted 2:56 PM 5/11/08
@khetti: heh he... retarded photons
Jasontrainer
Jasontrainer
Posted 2:55 PM 5/11/08
It was my late father's Alma matter, I grew up watching the engineers play hockey and my big brothers were frat guys there. One of my best friends is currently getting his degree in Architecture there and it is where I saw my first Beastie Boys concert (when they were on tour with public enemy) so I believe in RPI!
Jasontrainer
uli
Posted 2:54 PM 5/11/08
isnt a quantum leap a very small change??
uli
whiteknight
Posted 3:08 PM 5/11/08
So overall, how much more efficient does this make a PV array compared to previous tech that maxes out near 40% with current cutting-edge tech?
whiteknight
bill_mcgonigle
Posted 3:31 PM 5/11/08
1. We use 1/6th as much energy as all the light that falls on the Earth.
2. Maine gets 3% as much light in the winter as Florida does in the summer.
bill_mcgonigle
The Amazing Ant
Posted 3:31 PM 5/11/08
@brundlefly76: The problem as it is is that the panels get more power with direct 90° light than with 45°, 50°, etc.
With this, we wouldn't need to use energy turning them for the majority of the day, because they would still be catching almost all of the light. During most of the day we wouldn't have any noticeable power loss with this; the only major loss would be when the panel becomes perpendicular to the sun, or close to it.
The Amazing Ant
The Amazing Ant
Posted 3:26 PM 5/11/08
@etimy: Besides the fact that even if we did offset petroleum use by that much, we're still fertilizing that corn with chemicals from the same middle east that we wanted to stop buying the petrol from...
The Amazing Ant
Bokusatsu_Tenshi
Posted 3:58 PM 5/11/08
OH NOES, but this will make the sun wear down!
Sorry, had to say it.
Bokusatsu_Tenshi
benow
Posted 4:54 PM 5/11/08
I'm hoping the Japanese make the space elevators, now that it seems the US have given up. Solar collectors in space with feeds to major cities would drastically change the energy situation.
benow
benow
Posted 4:53 PM 5/11/08
@bill_mcgonigle: Beat me to this comment. Yeah, I think he might have mis-stated. Usage is more like 1/6 of a days worth of solar energy yearly.
benow
wagnerrp
Posted 4:50 PM 5/11/08
@bill_mcgonigle: The projected surface area of the Earth is roughly 128 million km², or 128 trillion m². Solar intensity in Earths orbit is roughly 1.4kW/m², leaving Earth with some 180PW of relatively consistent solar power. Estimates of total world energy consumption are around 15-20TW.
That 1/6th value is really somewhere closer to 1/9000th.
wagnerrp
benow
Posted 5:11 PM 5/11/08
@Usama: heh, that gives us a bit of breathing room ;) Nuclear, fusion, underground gerbils...
benow
alowishus
Posted 5:02 PM 5/11/08
Oh YES. Here comes the sun.
alowishus
Usama
Posted 5:00 PM 5/11/08
But what are we going to do when the sun burns out in 5 billion years?!??!?
Usama
logikgr
Posted 5:37 PM 5/11/08
@uli: Good try. ^_^
logikgr
Jrsy is the dude, playin' the dude, disguised as another dude
Posted 5:44 PM 5/11/08
@bill_mcgonigle: Ooh, ooh. I know this one. It's like that one with the two trains traveling to Chicago. Train 'A' is moving at 60 miles an hour. Train 'B'....
Jrsy is the dude, playin' the dude, disguised as another dude
Jrsy is the dude, playin' the dude, disguised as another dude
Posted 5:42 PM 5/11/08
@Usama: We'll just switch to using people as meat batteries...
Jrsy is the dude, playin' the dude, disguised as another dude
winmac
Posted 6:23 PM 5/11/08
@Bokusatsu_Tenshi: and then wii will have to worry about our "Solar Footprint"
winmac
Knirfie
Posted 9:48 PM 5/11/08
"so there's no need for panels to waste energy by mechanically tracking the sun in the sky."
Actually, there is, because the amount of "light-rays" from the sun hitting the panel is highest when the panel is aimed at the sun.
Knirfie
acoom
Posted 10:01 PM 5/11/08
Fantastic. Now let's start plastering them over every building and structure that seems the light of day. Then we can start turning off the polluting powerstations.
Australia (with all your sunshine and coal-fired powerstations), I'm looking at you!
acoom
rshettle
Posted 10:39 PM 5/11/08
@TommyImages: Exactly! The amount of sunlight "absorbed" doesn't equal the amount of sunlight converted into electricity.
rshettle
TheLostVikings
Posted 11:45 PM 5/11/08
@brundlefly76: Since the nanorods are cylindrical the light will always hit them at a 90° angle regardless of the angle it is hitting the solar panels.
Basically walk in circles around a tree, you wont be able to watch the trunk from an angles since it is round. So basically even light hitting the panels at an 178° angle will still be absorbed at max efficiency.
And since 180° pretty much covers horizon to horizon this means panels mounted horizontally will be able to run at max efficiency all day, which is huge.
TheLostVikings
jlhuge
Posted 1:06 AM 6/11/08
My basic reason for wanting cheap and reliable alternate energy is simple. I'm a cheap SoB who wants to be off the grid.
jlhuge
Usama
Posted 12:52 AM 6/11/08
@Knirfie: Yup good call. If this 96.2% is what I think it is, then assuming the panel is parallel with the ground (completely horizontal), 96.2% absorption at 1 hour before sunset or sunrise would be very different from 96.2% at noon.
Usama
h3r0
Posted 12:48 AM 6/11/08
sooner we stop paying that drugs/oil cartel the better! lol
h3r0
getabetterpic
Posted 3:01 AM 6/11/08
The article mentions solar and its quest for cheapness, but then fails to mention how this is cheaper. If it allows the cells to absorb more light, but causes production prices to go up too much, it defeats the purpose.
I'm all for solar though. If it can be made economical.
getabetterpic
bpapa9013
Posted 2:53 AM 6/11/08
@DigitalSciGuy: Yeah every hippie I know hates Ethanol and did from the start...
bpapa9013
bpapa9013
Posted 2:52 AM 6/11/08
@mrtallbones: Regular old Dino-Juice is only $1.98 in my town presently...
Ethanol is bullshit.
bpapa9013
sos10
Posted 3:34 AM 6/11/08
@getabetterpic: huh? massproduction is the word.
sos10
jgrnt1
Posted 3:55 AM 6/11/08
There are other solar technologies much closer to production. One is:
[prismsolar.com]
jgrnt1
DssTrainer
Posted 3:49 AM 6/11/08
@mrtallbones:
That burns at twice the rate of McFossil fuel... so you are paying $3 gallon while regular is $2.75.. The e85 never gonna make it in the long run.
DssTrainer
ninjamurf
Posted 4:24 AM 6/11/08
@sos10: huh? They mass produce them now and they are not "cheaper." And, BTW, I think "massproduction" is 2 words.
ninjamurf
ninjamurf
Posted 4:22 AM 6/11/08
@Usama: Better to be perpendicular with the sun than parallel with the ground. Parallel with the ground doesn't automatically mean perpendicular with the sun at noon. All depends on the day, your latitude, etc. But I get what you're saying.
ninjamurf
shawn_dude
Posted 5:06 AM 6/11/08
@wagnerrp: How about just the energy which falls on land? Unless we want to cover the oceans in solar panels...
shawn_dude
GadgetPlay
Posted 5:42 AM 6/11/08
@sos10: Or two...
GadgetPlay
GadgetPlay
Posted 5:38 AM 6/11/08
@TommyImages: You're right, it's two separate issues, but this seems to solve half the problem, in that it plays well with most types of solar panel.
GadgetPlay
GadgetPlay
Posted 5:31 AM 6/11/08
@bpapa9013: I hate hippies.
GadgetPlay
GadgetPlay
Posted 5:30 AM 6/11/08
@DigitalSciGuy: I hate hippies.
GadgetPlay
DJTripleRRR
Posted 6:09 AM 7/11/08
Sigh it's gonna take to long to get here. The Hydrogen Collider goes on next year therefore we die before we get to save ourselves some energy :P.
DJTripleRRR
VailGrimlet
Posted 2:39 PM 8/11/08
...correction: silicon solar cells have actually a maximum efficiency of about right now 21% and the theorical limit of efficiency is 25% ... This article seems very misleading ... sure solar panels are the future but lets first understand what are the fact before making any mistakes ...
VailGrimlet
RowenaAluminoid
Posted 1:30 AM 6/11/08
The total number of photons hitting a flat plate is a function of the sine of the angle of incidence. This technology will not eliminate the need for alignment motors. Good job efficiency, but it's not a magic bullet.
RowenaAluminoid
AsaHaedjinn
Posted 12:40 PM 5/11/08
They still have to track the sun if you want them to produce at maximum. If it comes in at an angle, it is still less light spread out over the same area. Just because you are absorbing more of this light doesn't mean there isn't less of it to absorb in the first place.
AsaHaedjinn